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Verses 17-31  The Rich and the Kingdom of God

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17As Jesus started on his way, a man ran up to him and fell on his knees before him. “Good teacher,” he asked, “what must I do to inherit eternal life?”

18“Why do you call me good?” Jesus answered. “No one is good—except God alone.

19You know the commandments: ‘You shall not murder, you shall not commit adultery, you shall not steal, you shall not give false testimony, you shall not defraud, honor your father and mother.’”

20“Teacher,” he declared, “all these I have kept since I was a boy.”

21Jesus looked at him and loved him. “One thing you lack,” he said. “Go, sell everything you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.”

22At this the man’s face fell. He went away sad, because he had great wealth.

23Jesus looked around and said to his disciples, “How hard it is for the rich to enter the kingdom of God!”

24The disciples were amazed at his words. But Jesus said again, “Children, how hard it is to enter the kingdom of God!

25It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for someone who is rich to enter the kingdom of God.”

26The disciples were even more amazed, and said to each other, “Who then can be saved?”

27Jesus looked at them and said, “With man this is impossible, but not with God; all things are possible with God.”

28Then Peter spoke up, “We have left everything to follow you!”

29“Truly I tell you,” Jesus replied, “no one who has left home or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or fields for me and the gospel

30will fail to receive a hundred times as much in this present age: homes, brothers, sisters, mothers, children and fields—along with persecutions—and in the age to come eternal life.

31But many who are first will be last, and the last first.”

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Concerning Jesus’ conversation with the rich man,

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1)       What happened as Jesus started on his way?

o   A man ran up to Jesus and fell on his knees before Jesus.

 

2)       Did Jesus just finish placing his hands on little children and blessing them?

o   Yes.

 

3)       What did the man run up to Jesus for?

o   The man was eager to speak with Jesus before he walked away.

 

4)       Why did the man fall on his knees before Jesus?

o   The man was showing

§  Reverence to Jesus as a teacher.

§  How highly he valued Jesus’ advice.

 

5)       What did the man ask Jesus?

o   “Good teacher,” he asked, “what must I do to inherit eternal life?”

 

6)       What might be the reason the man asked Jesus what he must do to inherit eternal life?

o   He might have just heard Jesus talk about entering the kingdom of God.

 

7)       How important was the question the man asked Jesus?

o   He asked Jesus the most important question anyone could ever ask concerning the eternal welfare of man.

 

8)       How did Jesus challenge the way the man addressed him?

o   “Why do you call me good?” Jesus answered. “No one is good—except God alone.

 

9)       Was Jesus denying that he is good or that he is God in his reply in verse 18 and why?

o   No, because Jesus was simply challenging the man’s unwitting notion of him calling him good.

 

10)   Did the man know that no one is good except God alone before Jesus said it and why?

o   No, because otherwise he would not have called Jesus good.

 

11)   Did the man know that Jesus is God and therefore call Jesus good and why?

o   No, because he considered Jesus to be a teacher.

 

12)   Why did the man call Jesus good?

o   The man was

§  Not calling Jesus good because he considered Jesus to be God.

§  Only addressing Jesus in an endearing way.

§  Expecting Jesus to return the favor and speak favorably of him as we shall see.

 

13)   How did Jesus answer the man’s question about inheriting eternal life?

o   Jesus answered, “You know the commandments: ‘You shall not murder, you shall not commit adultery, you shall not steal, you shall not give false testimony, you shall not defraud, honor your father and mother.’”

 

14)   What do the six commandments out of the Ten Commandments that Jesus quoted have in common with one another?

o   These six commandments have to do with how we relate to other people.

 

15)   What do five out of the six commandments that Jesus quoted advocate?

o   Five out of the six commandments that Jesus quoted advocate shunning evil.

 

16)   Did Jesus quote any of the Ten Commandments that have to do with how we relate to God?

o   No.

 

17)   What did the man say in reply?

o   “Teacher,” he declared, “all these I have kept since I was a boy.”

 

18)   Judging from the man’s reply in verse 20, what might be the reason for his eagerly starting the conversation with Jesus before he walked away?

o   He thought that he had received the kingdom of God ever since he was a child.

 

19)   Did the man have a good upbringing and why?

o   Yes, because he had a good track record shunning evil and honoring his parents.

 

20)   Did the man seem to anticipate the questions Jesus would ask him and why?

o   Yes, because in Judaism a person needs to obey the commandments to be in good standing with God.

 

21)   What appeared to be the man’s motive in approaching Jesus judging from his reply in verse 20?

o   He approached Jesus wanting to be commended and affirmed.

 

22)   What did Jesus say in reply?

o   Jesus looked at him and loved him. “One thing you lack,” he said. “Go, sell everything you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.”

 

23)   What could be the reason for the description that Jesus loved the man?

o   It could be because the man

§  Had diligently kept the commandments since he was a boy.

§  Desired to aim for perfection.

 

24)   What was Jesus’ assessment of the man on the other hand?

o   The man still lacked one thing regardless of his diligent observance of the commandments.

 

25)   What expectation did the man have of Jesus that was not met?

o   He was expecting Jesus to speak favorably of him but Jesus did not.

 

26)   What were the two areas Jesus pointed out where the man needed to act on in order to bridge the gap between him and eternal life?

o   Jesus pointed out that he needed to revolutionize the way he related to

§  Others.

§  Jesus as God.

 

27)   Why can we put Jesus in the context of God in the man’s relation to him?

o   It is because the man needed to follow Jesus in order to inherit eternal life.

 

28)   How should the man revolutionize the way he related to others according to Jesus in verse 21?

o   He should sell everything he had and give to the poor.

 

29)   How should the man revolutionize the way he related to Jesus as God?

o   He should follow Jesus.

 

30)   What did Jesus suggest when he used the word ‘go’ in his advice for the man?

o   Jesus suggested that the man should promptly act on the advice for him to sell everything he had and give to the poor and not drag his feet. 

o   It would indicate eagerness and gladness of heart to obey on his part.

 

31)   What did Jesus say the man would have accomplished in selling everything he had and giving to the poor?

o   He would have laid up treasures in heaven.

 

32)   What did Jesus suggest when he used the word ‘come’ in his advice for the man?

o   Jesus suggested that the man should promptly act on the advice for him to follow Jesus and not drag his feet. 

o   It would indicate eagerness and gladness of heart to obey on the man’s part.

 

33)   Who were the disciples that were called by Jesus to follow him in the gospel of Mark?

o   Peter and Andrew, James and John, and Levi.

 

34)   Did Peter and Andrew, James and John, and Levi follow Jesus promptly when Jesus called them?

o   Yes.

 

35)   Should the man follow Jesus promptly the way the other disciples did?

o   Yes.

 

36)   Did laying up treasures in heaven hold significance for the man and why?

o   Yes, because he was concerned about inheriting eternal life when his earthly life was over, laying up treasures in heaven supposedly was important for him.

 

37)   Did the man think that he highly esteemed inheriting eternal life and why?

o   Yes, because he diligently kept the commandments, shunned evil and honored his parents since he was a boy as the means to inheriting eternal life.

 

38)   How did the word ‘go’ as in ‘Go, sell everything you have and give to the poor’ indicate a totally new direction in life for the man in handling wealth?

o   Storing up things on earth now gives way to laying up treasures in heaven.

 

39)   How did the word ‘come’ as in ‘Come, follow me’ indicate a totally new direction in life for the man in relating to Jesus as God?

o   Following the dictate of his desires now gives way to following Jesus as God.

 

40)   Did Jesus give the man a strong and emphatic command to obey and why?

o   Yes, because

§  Instead of telling the man: ‘Sell everything and give to the poor’ Jesus told him: ‘Go, sell everything and give to the poor’.

§  Instead of telling the man: ‘Follow me’ Jesus told him: ‘Come, follow me’.

 

41)   Did Jesus suggest to the man a greater measure of relating to others and to God and why?

o   Yes, because

§  The man needed to not only shun evil against others but also do good to them.

§  He needed to keep not only commands in the Ten Commandments that related to God but also Jesus’ command for him to follow Jesus as God.

 

42)   What commandment would the man be fulfilling when he fully heeded Jesus’ advice?

o   He would be fulfilling the most important commandments as recorded in Mark 12:28-31.

 

·  Ask a volunteer to read out loud Mark 12:28-31 that says,

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28One of the teachers of the law came and heard them debating. Noticing that Jesus had given them a good answer, he asked him, “Of all the commandments, which is the most important?”

29“The most important one,” answered Jesus, “is this: ‘Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one.

30Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’

31The second is this: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’ There is no commandment greater than these.”

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43)   How did the man respond to Jesus’ advice for him to keep the most important commandments?

o   At this the man’s face fell.  He went away sad, because he had great wealth.

 

44)   Why did the man go away sad?

o   He was expecting commendation and affirmation from Jesus but instead got the exact opposite.

o   Furthermore the eternal life that he thought he had was out of his reach because he was not willing to

§  Sell everything he had and give to the poor.

§  Follow Jesus.

 

45)   What was the irony in the rich man’s going away?

o   He was not willing to give up what was temporary in order to inherit eternal life that he supposedly was after.

 

46)   What was eternal life to the rich man in reality in going away?

o   Eternal life was to the rich man just another feather on his cap that he could do without.

 

47)   What happened to other people who fell at Jesus’ feet asking for help?

o   Other people who fell at Jesus’ feet asking for help

§  Got the help they needed.

§  Got to know Jesus better.

 

48)   Did the rich man who fell on his knees before Jesus get the help he needed and get to know Jesus better and why?

o   The rich man received from Jesus the advice he needed for inheriting eternal life but was not willing to follow through with it. 

o   Though he called Jesus good, he did not get to know Jesus as God because he refused to heed Jesus’ advice for him to follow Jesus.

 

49)   What is the reason for the difference in outcome of coming to Jesus between other people who fell at Jesus’ feet and the rich man?

o   Other people came to Jesus

§  With a clear and genuine plea for help.

§  Without hiding their motive in approaching Jesus.

§  With trust in Jesus.

o   The rich man came to Jesus

§  With the pretense for showing off his self-righteousness.

§  With his motive in approaching Jesus hidden.

§  With trust in himself.

 

50)   What did Jesus say to his disciples concerning the rich entering the kingdom of God upon the rich man’s walking away?

o   Jesus looked around and said to his disciples, “How hard it is for the rich to enter the kingdom of God!”

 

51)   What did Jesus depict as the full means for the rich to enter the kingdom of God in addition to shunning evil and honoring one’s parents?

o   Jesus depicted as follows the full means for the rich to enter the kingdom of God in addition to shunning evil and honoring one’s parents:

§  Sell everything and give to the poor.

§  Follow Jesus.

 

52)   What was the disciples’ reaction at Jesus’ words?

o   The disciples were amazed at Jesus’ words.

 

53)   What did Jesus say next?

o   Jesus said again, “Children, how hard it is to enter the kingdom of God!  It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God.”

 

54)   Why did Jesus address his disciples as children?

o   Jesus said previously that anyone who would not receive the kingdom of God like a little child would never enter it. 

o   By addressing his disciples as children Jesus implied that they were in the kingdom of God.

 

55)   What metaphor did Jesus use to emphasize how difficult it is for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God?

o   It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God.

 

56)   What was the disciples’ reaction to Jesus’ words?

o   They were even more amazed.

 

57)   What did the disciples say to each other?

o   They said to each other, “Who then can be saved?”

 

58)   What was the reason for the disciples’ question of who could be saved?

o   In the Jewish culture in Jesus’ days the rich was considered to be blessed by God. 

o   It follows that if it is hard for the rich to enter to kingdom of God, it would be even harder for the rest to the point of impossibility.

 

59)   What questions had the disciples asked Jesus ever since Jesus made his first prediction in chapter 8 of what was going to happen to him as the Christ?

o   Why do the teachers of the law say that Elijah must come first?

o   Why couldn’t we drive out the deaf and mute spirit?

o   What is the consequence for remarriage after divorce since God is against divorce?

o   Who then can be saved?

 

60)   What is the question that the disciples should have asked Jesus but did not?

o   They should have asked Jesus what he meant by rising from the dead.

 

61)   How did the questions the disciples had asked Jesus and the question they did not respectively contribute to their becoming like Jesus?

o   Getting the answers to the questions they had asked Jesus did not help them become like Jesus no matter how worthy the questions were and how helpful the answers had been.

o   Getting the answer to the question they did not ask Jesus would help them become like Jesus.

 

62)   How did knowing what Jesus meant by rising from the dead help the disciples become like Jesus?

o   They would be informed of the bright side of following the self-giving Christ.

o   They would thus be incentivized and enabled to follow the self-giving Christ as self-giving disciples.

o   Disciples become like Jesus when they become self-giving disciples following the self-giving Christ.

 

63)   Why did Jesus not simply unload what he meant by rising from the dead on the disciples to make them become like him?

o   The disciples had been fiercely fighting Jesus off on the idea of following a self-giving Christ.

o   Simply unloading what he meant by rising from the dead on the disciples was not going to help them become like Jesus.

 

64)   What is the goal of discipleship?

o   The goal of discipleship is for the disciple to become like the teacher.

 

65)   What is the consequence concerning the goal of discipleship for the disciples not to ask Jesus what he meant by rising from the dead?

o   It hindered them from reaching the goal of discipleship of becoming like Jesus.

 

66)   Why do we want to become like Jesus?

o   Because Jesus, even though he is God, has

§  Become a human being like us in each and every way except that he is without sin.

§  Identified with us so completely that he even bore our sins on the cross such that he has become completely like us without any reservation.

§  Thus loved us with the greatest love since not even your spouse wants to become completely like you, but Jesus has become completely like us.

o   Because we, who as disciples are going to spend eternity with Jesus,

§  Respond to Jesus’ love for us by becoming like him.

§  Have struggled for love’s sake to become a tiny bit like Jesus.

§  Find the transformed life of becoming like Jesus worth living regardless of the difficulties it would bring.

§  Long to consummate our love with Jesus by becoming completely like him when he comes again to bring us to eternal life.

 

·  Ask a volunteer to read out loud 1 John 3:2 that says,

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2Dear friends, now we are children of God, and what we will be has not yet been made known. But we know that when Christ appears, we shall be like him, for we shall see him as he is.

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67)   What was Jesus’ reply to the disciples’ question of who could be saved?

o   Jesus looked at them and said, “With man this is impossible, but not with God; all things are possible with God.”

 

68)   Why did Jesus say that salvation was impossible with man?

o   It is impossible for a man to be saved by his own effort.

 

69)   Why did Jesus say that salvation was possible with God?

o   It was because man can be saved by faith alone in Jesus as the Christ, the Son of God.

 

70)   Was it then necessary for the rich man to sell everything he had and give to the poor before he could follow Jesus into the kingdom of God and why?

o   No, because he could follow Jesus into the kingdom of God by faith alone. 

 

71)   Why then did Jesus tell the rich man that he needed to sell everything he had and give to the poor in order to follow Jesus into the kingdom of God?

o   It was because the rich man wanted to enter the kingdom of God on his own merits.

 

72)   Why did Jesus, being the good God, purposely turn the rich man away who had worked so hard his whole life for inheriting eternal life?

o   The good God, being good, grants eternal life without demanding any merit for his grace to those who would acknowledge their inability in saving themselves and therefore fully trust in his mercy.

o   Childlike faith in Jesus that even a child could have is the most equitable way for entering the kingdom of God because it is a matter of willingness on the part of those who receive God’s grace.

o   Since God makes it possible for everyone to be saved through faith, God is good.

o   The rich man did not come to Jesus for the sake of finding out how to inherit eternal life, but for showing off his self-righteousness.  Jesus was simply rejecting his self-righteousness in turning him away.

 

73)   Why is it necessary to understand the goodness of God for entering the kingdom of God?

o   Without understanding the goodness of God we would rely on our own merits and therefore fail to enter the kingdom of God.

 

74)   What role does selling everything and giving to the poor play in following Jesus?

o   Selling everything and giving to the poor is an expression of faith after one has followed Jesus by faith into the kingdom of God.  It is not a condition for entering the kingdom of God. 

o   Different people can choose to exercise different levels of faith in giving to the poor, which does not determine whether one enters the kingdom of God or not.

 

75)   What did Jesus intend for the disciples to do when he said that all things are possible with God?

o   Jesus intended for the disciples to look to God for what is impossible with man.

 

76)   What did Peter say to Jesus?

o   Peter spoke up, “We have left everything to follow you!”

 

77)   What did Peter mean by ‘we’?

o   By ‘we’ he meant the twelve disciples.

 

78)   Why did Peter speak up at this juncture?

o   He spoke up to show the disciples’ solidarity with Jesus when the rich man chose not to follow him.

 

79)   Why were the disciples able to leave everything to follow Jesus but the rich man was not?

o   The disciples were able to leave everything to follow Jesus because the realization of their national hope and personal aspiration held sway over them.  So they left everything to chase after their dream.

o   The rich man was not able to leave everything to follow Jesus because unlike the disciples he had no dream worth pursuing in his life.  So wealth held sway over him and he was trapped by his wealth.

 

80)   But was it not how much one had to walk away from that determined whether the disciples and the rich man were able to leave everything to follow Jesus?

o   No, because

§  If the realization of their national hope and personal aspiration did not hold sway over them, the disciples would not be willing to leave everything to follow Jesus either, no matter how little they had.

§  If the realization of his national hope and personal aspiration held sway over him, the rich man would be willing to leave everything to follow Jesus, no matter how much he had.

§  It was one’s dream, not one’s possession in this life that was the determining factor of following Jesus for these two parties.

 

81)   What was Jesus’ strategy for picking disciples?

o   Jesus picked those to be his disciples who were willing to leave everything to chase after their dreams and then aligned their dreams with the objective of the kingdom of God through discipleship.

 

82)   What did Jesus say in reply?

o   “I tell you the truth,” Jesus replied, “no one who has left home or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or fields for me and the gospel will fail to receive a hundred times as much in this present age (homes, brothers, sisters, mothers, children and fields—and with them, persecutions) and in the age to come, eternal life.  But many who are first will be last, and the last first.”

 

83)   With what level of certainty did Jesus make his reply?

o   With the certainty of truth.

 

84)   What was the list of sacrifices Jesus mentioned that a disciple makes for him and for the gospel?

o   Leaving home, brothers, sisters, mother, father, children and fields.

 

85)   What did Jesus say the person who makes the sacrifices will receive as reward in this present age?

o   A hundred times as much: Home, brothers, sisters, mother, father, children and fields - and with them, persecutions.

 

86)   How should we understand the list of rewards in this present age in verse 30?

o   They are rewards in the spiritual sense in the household of God corresponding to the list of sacrifices made with the natural family and material possession.

 

87)   What do we make of the persecutions that accompany the list of rewards in this present age?

o   Blessings and persecutions are inseparable twins in this present age for those who make sacrifices for Jesus and for the gospel.

 

88)   What will those receive in the age to come who make sacrifices for Jesus in this present age?

o   Eternal life.

 

89)   What did Jesus mean when he said, “But many who are first will be last, and the last first.”?

o   Many who are

§  First in this present age like the rich man will become last in the age to come.

§  Last in this present age like the disciples will be first in the age to come.

 

90)   What makes it worth waiting in this present age for the reversal of fortune in the age to come?

o   Being last only lasts a short lifetime.

o   Being first will last for eternity to come, forever and forever, without end.

 

91)   Was the rich man’s coming to Jesus meaningful in itself and why?

o   No, because he came to Jesus with the calculation of seeking commendation and affirmation, thus fouling up his coming to Jesus.

 

92)   Why was the rich man unable to enter the kingdom of God, given the context of receiving the kingdom of God like a little child?

o   He was unable to enter the kingdom of God because when he came to Jesus, he did not substitute

§  Innocence for calculation.

§  Trust for self-sufficiency.

 

93)   What is the contrast of the outcome of coming to Jesus between the little children and the rich man?

o   The little children came to Jesus with no expectation of any gain for themselves and yet went away with the kingdom of God in their possession.

o   The rich man came to Jesus with the expectation of being told that the kingdom of God belonged to him and yet went away empty-handed.

 

94)   What is Jesus’ promise of inheriting eternal life for those who enter into the eternal discipleship continuum of getting to know Jesus?

o   John 8:19 means that knowing Jesus is knowing God the Father.

o   John 17:3 means that knowing God the Father and Jesus Christ is eternal life.

o   John 8:19 and John 17:3 together mean that knowing Jesus is eternal life.

o   Those who enter into the eternal discipleship continuum of getting to know Jesus are on their way to inheriting eternal life.

 

·  Ask a volunteer to read out loud John 8:19 that says,

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19Then they asked him, “Where is your father?”  “You do not know me or my Father,” Jesus replied. “If you knew me, you would know my Father also.”

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·  Ask a volunteer to read out loud John 17:3 that says,

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3Now this is eternal life: that they know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom you have sent.

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95)   What was the parallel between the Pharisees and the rich man in their respective encounter with Jesus?

o   A question was asked as bait by

§  The Pharisees to test Jesus.

§  The rich man to show off his self-righteousness.

o   An answer was given to

§  The Pharisees who went away with a rebuke of being hardhearted.

§  The rich man who went away with a defeating challenge.

o   Not being Jesus’ disciple(s) and therefore not being given the insider information, the consequence was borne by

§  The Pharisees of adultery if they were remarried to a different spouse after divorce.

§  The rich man of not entering the kingdom of God since he relied on his merits for entry.

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·  Ask for a volunteer to summarize.

·  Ask for the rest of the participants to supplement the summary.

 

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Verses 17-31  The Rich and the Kingdom of God

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