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Luke 15:11-32

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11Jesus continued: “There was a man who had two sons.

12The younger one said to his father, ‘Father, give me my share of the estate.’ So he divided his property between them.

13“Not long after that, the younger son got together all he had, set off for a distant country and there squandered his wealth in wild living.

14After he had spent everything, there was a severe famine in that whole country, and he began to be in need.

15So he went and hired himself out to a citizen of that country, who sent him to his fields to feed pigs.

16He longed to fill his stomach with the pods that the pigs were eating, but no one gave him anything.

17“When he came to his senses, he said, ‘How many of my father’s hired servants have food to spare, and here I am starving to death!

18I will set out and go back to my father and say to him: Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you.

19I am no longer worthy to be called your son; make me like one of your hired servants.’

20So he got up and went to his father. “But while he was still a long way off, his father saw him and was filled with compassion for him; he ran to his son, threw his arms around him and kissed him.

21“The son said to him, ‘Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you. I am no longer worthy to be called your son.’

22“But the father said to his servants, ‘Quick! Bring the best robe and put it on him. Put a ring on his finger and sandals on his feet.

23Bring the fattened calf and kill it. Let’s have a feast and celebrate.

24For this son of mine was dead and is alive again; he was lost and is found.’ So they began to celebrate.

25“Meanwhile, the older son was in the field. When he came near the house, he heard music and dancing.

26So he called one of the servants and asked him what was going on.

27‘Your brother has come,’ he replied, ‘and your father has killed the fattened calf because he has him back safe and sound.’

28 “The older brother became angry and refused to go in. So his father went out and pleaded with him.

29But he answered his father, ‘Look! All these years I’ve been slaving for you and never disobeyed your orders. Yet you never gave me even a young goat so I could celebrate with my friends.

30But when this son of yours who has squandered your property with prostitutes comes home, you kill the fattened calf for him!’

31“‘My son,’ the father said, ‘you are always with me, and everything I have is yours.

32But we had to celebrate and be glad, because this brother of yours was dead and is alive again; he was lost and is found.’”

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1)       According to what Jesus said in verses 11 and 12 what did the younger one of the two sons ask his father to do for him?

o   He asked his father to give him his share of the estate.

 

2)       What was the younger son literally telling his father in asking for his share of the estate?

o   He wished that his father were dead.

 

3)       How did the father feel about the younger son’s request?

o   He was deeply

§  Hurt.

§  And humiliated.

 

4)       According to what Jesus said in verse 12 what did the father do regardless of how he felt?

o   He divided his property between his two sons.

 

5)       How much of the family property did the younger son get?

o   He got one third.

o   Because

o   The first-born son got a double portion.

 

6)       Did the father have to divide his property between his two sons and why did he do it?

o   No, he did not have to.

o   He did it because he knew

§  That his younger son was going to abandon his family in hot pursuit of wild living.

§  And that as the father he needed to practice tough love.

§  So that

§  His younger son would learn a hard lesson that would turn him from the error of his way.

 

7)       According to what Jesus said in verse 13 what did the younger son do not long after he had received his share of the estate?

o   He

§  Got together all he had.

§  Set off for a distant country.

§  And there squandered his wealth in wild living.

 

8)       Why did the younger son set off for a distant country?

o   He wanted to pursue wild living in anonymity and uninhibited.

 

9)       According to what Jesus said in verse 14 what happened after the younger son had spent everything?

o   There was a severe famine in that whole country.

o   And he began to be in need.

 

10)   According to what Jesus said in verses 15 and 16 what was the living condition of the younger son after he hired himself out to a citizen of that country?

o   He was sent to the fields to feed pigs.

o   He longed to fill his stomach with the pods.

o   That

o   The pigs were eating.

o   But

o   No one gave him anything.

 

11)   According to what Jesus said in verse 17 what did the younger son realize when he came to his senses?

o   He remembered many of his father’s hired servants had food to spare.

o   And there he was starving to death.

 

12)   According to what Jesus said in verses 18 and 19 what did the younger son decide to do after he came to his senses?

o   He decided to

§  Set out and go back to his father.

§  Confess his sins

Ø  Against heaven. 

Ø  And against his father.

§  Acknowledge that he was no longer worthy to be called his father’s son.

§  And ask his father to make him like one of his hired servants.

 

13)   According to what Jesus said in verse 20 what happened as he got up and went to his father?

o   While he was still a long way off, his father

§  Saw him.

§  Was filled with compassion for him.

§  Ran to him.

§  Threw his arms around him.

§  And kissed him.

 

14)   How did the father manage to spot his younger son while he was still a long way off?

o   He

§  Went up to the highest place in his mansion everyday.

§  Waited for his son

Ø  Patiently. 

Ø  And expectantly.

§  And so spotted his son.

§  While

§  He was still a long way off.

 

15)   What was the implication of the father running to his son in the Middle Eastern culture?

o   A Middle Eastern man never ran.

o   If he were to run, he would have to hitch up his tunic.

o   So

o   He would not trip.

o   If he did this, it would show his bare legs.

o   In that culture it was

§  Humiliating.

§  And shameful.

o   For a man to show his bare legs.

 

16)   Why did the father subject himself to shame by running to his son?

o   We need to understand an important first-century Jewish custom.

o   If a Jewish son

§  Lost his inheritance among Gentiles.

§  And then returned home.

o   The community would perform a ceremony, called the kezazah.

o   They would

§  Break a large pot in front of him.

§  And yell, “You are now cut off from your people!”

o   The community would totally reject him.

o   The father probably ran in order to get to his son.

o   Before

o   He entered the village.

o   The father runs — and shames himself — in an effort to get to his son.

o   Before

o   The community gets to him.

o   So that

o   His son does not experience the

§  Shame.

§  And humiliation of their

Ø  Taunting. 

Ø  And rejection.

o   After the emotional reuniting of the son with his father, it was clear to the community.

o   That

o   There would be no kezazah ceremony.

o   Despite what

o   He had done.

o   For details please refer to the web page: https://www.biola.edu/blogs/biola-magazine/2010/the-prodigal-sons-father-shouldnt-have-run

 

17)   According to what Jesus said in verse 21 what did the son say to his father?

o   He said to his father

§  That he had sinned

Ø  Against heaven. 

Ø  And against him.

§  And that he was no longer worthy to be called his son.

 

18)   What do we call the change of mind of the younger son from disobedience to obedience to his father?

o   Repentance.

 

19)   According to what Jesus said in verse 22 what did the father tell his servants to do to clothe his son?

o   He told his servants to quickly

§  Bring the best robe.

§  Put it on his son.

§  And put

Ø  A ring on his finger. 

Ø  And sandals on his feet.

 

20)   According to what Jesus said in verse 23 what did the father tell his servants to do to celebrate?

o   Bring the fattened calf and kill it.

o   Let’s

§  Have a feast.

§  And celebrate.

 

21)   According to what Jesus said in verse 24 what reason did the father offer for the celebration?

o   This son of mine

§  Was dead.

§  And is alive again.

o   He

§  Was lost.

§  And is found.

 

22)   What was the change of mind of the younger son that precipitated the transformation that he was dead and is alive again and that he was lost and is found?

o   Repentance.

 

23)   What was the father so keen on celebrating?

o   The repentance of his younger son.

 

24)   How did the father’s tough love for his younger son pay off?

o   The father permitted his younger son to learn a hard lesson from his senseless dissipation that turned him from the error of his way.

 

25)   According to what Jesus said in verse 25 what did the older son who was in the field notice when he came near the house?

o   He heard

§  Music.

§  And dancing.

 

26)   What was the older son doing in the field?

o   He was working for the family.

 

27)   What might be the reason the father did not send a servant to tell the older son that his younger brother had come home?

o   He knew that his older son was upset with his younger brother.

 

28)   According to what Jesus said in verses 26 and 27 what did the servant tell the older son when he was asked what was going on?

o   He replied, saying

§  That his brother had come.

§  And that his father had killed the fattened calf.

§  Because

§  He had his brother back

Ø  Safe. 

Ø  And sound.

 

29)   According to what Jesus said in verse 28 what did the father do when his older son became angry and refused to go in upon hearing what happened?

o   He

§  Went out.

§  And pleaded with his older son.

 

30)   According to what Jesus said in verses 29 and 30 what did the older son say to contrast the way his father had treated him and way his father had treated his younger brother in total disregard of their individual conduct?

o   His father never gave him even a young goat.

o   So

o   He could celebrate with his friends.

o   Regardless of his

§  Hard work.

§  And obedience.

o   But his father killed the fattened calf for his younger brother.

o   Regardless of his squandering family property with prostitutes.

 

31)   How much family property did the younger son squander?

o   One third of the family property.

 

32)   What did the older son accuse his father of?

o   He accused his father of playing favorites to the worst extent possible in light of the individual conduct of his two sons.

 

33)   In what way did the older son misconstrue his father’s treating his younger brother with grace as mistreating him?

o   He misconstrued his father’s treating his repentant younger brother with grace as playing favorites against him.

 

34)   How alienated was the older son from his younger brother from the way he referred to his younger brother before his father?

o   He referred to his younger brother as ‘this son of yours’ before his father.

o   So he refused to acknowledge his relationship with his younger brother as siblings.

 

35)   What was the basis upon which the older son abandoned his relationship with his younger brother, given that he uttered this phrase to his father in verse 30: ‘this son of yours who has squandered your property’?

o   He abandoned his relationship with his younger brother.

o   Because

o   His younger brother squandered one third of the family property.

 

36)   How did the younger son fare when it came to his older brother even while he escaped the shaming and cutting off of relationship by the community?

o   He could not escape the cutting off of relationship by his older brother.

 

37)   What was the degeneration in attitude of the older son in contrast to the repentance of the younger son and the grace of the father in terms of how they regarded family relationship?

o   The older son did not consider the younger son worthy to be his brother because of the younger son’s misconduct.

o   The younger son did not consider himself worthy to be called his father’s son because of his own misconduct.

o   The father considered his younger son worthy to be his son regardless of the younger son’s misconduct.

 

38)   How did the father view the loss of family property and the repentance of his younger son?

o   The loss of family property

§  Was inevitable for the repentance of his younger son.

§  And was worth it.

o   That was why he divided his property between his two sons.

 

39)   What did the father’s seeming lack of concern over his younger son’s squandering family property and his joy in having him back safe and sound say about how he valued his son?

o   He valued his son more than family property.

 

40)   How did the older son view the loss of family property and the repentance of his younger brother?

o   The loss of family property was senseless to the older son.

o   Because

o   He did not value the repentance of his younger brother.

 

41)   What did the older son’s fixation on the loss of family property and his seeming lack of joy in having his younger brother back safe and sound say about how he valued his brother?

o   He valued family property more than his brother.

 

42)   According to what Jesus said in verse 31 what did the father say to placate his older son?

o   He said

§  That his older son was always with him.

§  And that everything he had was his older son’s.

 

43)   Whom does the father in the parable represent?

o   The father in the parable represents God.

 

44)   How should the older son regard being always with his father in terms of blessing?

o   He should regard being always with his father to be the greatest blessing.

 

45)   What did the younger son forego by abandoning his family?

o   He forewent the greatest blessing.

 

46)   How should the older son regard a mere fattened calf used for the celebration in light of the fact that everything his father had was his?

o   He should not blow the fattened calf out of proportion.

 

47)   How should the older son consider the degree of blessedness between him and his younger brother based on what his father said to him?

o   He should consider himself to be far more blessed by his father than his younger brother.

 

48)   How did the father attempt to repair the older son’s relationship with his younger brother in the way he referred to the younger son before the older son in verse 32?

o   He referred to the younger son as ‘this brother of yours’ before the older son.

 

49)   According to what Jesus said in verse 32 why did the father say that they had to celebrate and be glad?

o   It is because his younger brother had repented such

§  That he

Ø  Was dead. 

Ø  And is alive again.

§  And that he

Ø  Was lost. 

Ø  And is found.

 

50)   How was the father teaching his older son the value of repentance by talking about the necessity of the celebration of the repentance of his younger son and not talking about the loss of family property at all?

o   The repentance of his younger son is worth celebrating regardless of the loss of family property.

 

51)   What was the older son trying to accomplish in slaving for his father and never disobeying his orders all those years as he said in verse 29?

o   He was trying to earn his father’s love.

 

52)   How could the older son have learned his lesson from the way his father treated his younger brother that he did not really need to earn his father’s love?

o   He could have learned it from his father’s grace for his younger brother.

o   That

o   His father loved him unconditionally as his son.

o   As

o   He did his younger son.

 

53)   Why was the older son unable to learn his lesson from his father’s grace for his younger brother?

o   It is because some people simply have difficulties understanding and appreciating grace.

o   This kind of people have difficulties accepting the gospel.

 

54)   Who was more distant from the father, the younger son in the midst of wild living in a distant country  or the older son at home living with his father?

o   The older son was no less distant from his father than his younger brother.

 

55)   What is the unfortunate and uncertain side of an otherwise happy story of repentance and grace?

o   The repentance of the older son is a lingering issue and anything but certain regardless of the demonstration of the father’s grace for his younger son.

 

56)   Whom do the younger son and the older son represent respectively?

o   The younger son represents tax collectors and sinners.

o   The older son represents the Pharisees.

 

57)   What is a more accurate name for the parable than the parable of the lost son?

o   The parable of the lost sons.

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Luke 15:11-32

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